Battery Electric Vehicles (EVs)
Battery electric vehicles run entirely on electricity stored in large lithium-ion battery packs. They produce zero tailpipe emissions and are powered by one or more electric motors, delivering instant torque and a smooth, quiet driving experience.
- Zero tailpipe emissions — powered 100% by electricity
- Ranges typically between 200 and 400+ miles on a single charge
- Lower maintenance costs with no engine oil, transmission fluid, or exhaust system
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Hybrid electric vehicles combine a traditional internal combustion engine with a small electric motor and battery. The battery recharges through regenerative braking and the gas engine, so there is no need to plug in.
- Improved fuel economy compared to conventional gas-only vehicles
- Seamless switching between gas and electric power
- No charging infrastructure required — refuel at any gas station
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Plug-in hybrids feature a larger battery than standard hybrids, allowing them to drive a meaningful distance on electricity alone before the gasoline engine takes over. They can be charged from a wall outlet or public charger.
- Electric-only range typically between 20 and 60 miles
- Gas engine provides extended range for longer trips without range anxiety
- Eligible for many of the same federal and state incentives as full EVs
Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs)
Fuel cell vehicles generate electricity on board by combining hydrogen gas with oxygen in a fuel cell stack. The only byproduct is water vapor, making them another zero-emission option.
- Refueling takes about 5 minutes, similar to a gasoline car
- Ranges of 300 to 400 miles on a full tank of hydrogen
- Currently limited by hydrogen fueling station availability